Phylogenetic relationship of the nonstructural (NS) genes of influenza A viruses
Identifieur interne : 000176 ( 1957/Analysis ); précédent : 000175; suivant : 000177Phylogenetic relationship of the nonstructural (NS) genes of influenza A viruses
Auteurs : S. Ludwig [Allemagne] ; U. Schultz [Allemagne] ; J. Mandler [Allemagne] ; W. M. Fitch [États-Unis] ; C. Scholtissek [Allemagne]Source :
- Virology [ 0042-6822 ] ; 1991.
English descriptors
- Teeft :
- Additional selection pressure, Amino, Amino acid replacements, Amino acid sequences, Amino acids, Avian, Avian influenza viruses, Avian strains, Branch point, Buonagurio, Common ancestor, Correlation factor, Eurasian strains, Evolutionary trees, Fitch, Gammelin, Gene, Gene products, Gene tree, Genetic relatedness, Human influenza, Human strains, Influenza, Influenza virus, Influenza viruses, Krystal, Mandler, Mrna, Nakajima, Nonstructural, Nonstructural proteins, Nucleic acids, Nucleoprotein, Nucleotide, Nucleotide sequence, Nucleotide substitutions, Other strains, Palese, Phylogenetic, Phylogenetic tree, Polymerase, Scholtissek, Selection pressure, Side branch, Substitution, Subtypes, Time axis, Treanor, Viral, Virology, Virus.
Abstract
Abstract: Phylogenetic trees were constructed using 38 sequences of the A group and 10 sequences of the B group of the NS gene of influenza A viruses. Within the A group we found avian as well as mammalian influenza A viruses, while within the B group exclusively avian strains were found. The avian and human NS genes of the A group were derived from a common ancestor existing at about 1912. At 13 positions of the amino acid sequences of the NS1 protein two subtypes of the A group can be differentiated, a human and a non-human subtype. Starting at the time of the introduction of an avian PB1 gene into human strains during the antigenic shift at 1957 the NS1 protein of the human strains came under an enhanced selection pressure which might indicate a cooperation of the NS1 protein with and adaptation of the NS1 protein on the newly introduced PB1 gene. Such a selection pressure on the NS2 protein is completely missing. Comparison of all sequences of the NS1 protein revealed four highly conserved regions within the amino-terminal half of the molecule. One of this regions seems to contain the nuclear migration signal. The carboxy-terminal half is completely variable and seems to be dispensable.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(91)90985-K
Affiliations:
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Within the A group we found avian as well as mammalian influenza A viruses, while within the B group exclusively avian strains were found. The avian and human NS genes of the A group were derived from a common ancestor existing at about 1912. At 13 positions of the amino acid sequences of the NS1 protein two subtypes of the A group can be differentiated, a human and a non-human subtype. Starting at the time of the introduction of an avian PB1 gene into human strains during the antigenic shift at 1957 the NS1 protein of the human strains came under an enhanced selection pressure which might indicate a cooperation of the NS1 protein with and adaptation of the NS1 protein on the newly introduced PB1 gene. Such a selection pressure on the NS2 protein is completely missing. Comparison of all sequences of the NS1 protein revealed four highly conserved regions within the amino-terminal half of the molecule. One of this regions seems to contain the nuclear migration signal. 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